Highlight the importance of 14 points of Jinnah in the political history of the Sub-Continent?
Many Muslims were not enthusiastic about the Nehru report.Among them Mohammed Ali Jinnah was a prominent figure. Jinnah felt that Muslims had sacrificed too much in order to reach a compromise the issue of communal representation. As for example, they had allowed congress to go back on concessions granted by the Lucknow pact of 1916. Jinnah declared himself to be anxious for a harmonious settlement. At an `all-parties` convention held in Calcutta in December, he pleaded for unity. He declared that `we are sons of this land we have to live together`, but at the same time he asked for more safeguards for Muslims. His proposed amendments were rejected and he walked out of the convention.
Jinnah then allied himself with the less progressive Muslims, on whose behalf he drew up a list of principles. These principles are popularly known as the so-called fourteen points. These fourteen points represented the Muslim`s minimum demands. These included separate elevates, the reservation of one-third of the seats in the legislative assembly for Muslims although the community accounted for only one-quarter of the ration, and the creation of Muslim majority provinces. Later the league formally rejected the Nehru report. A brief period of Hindu Muslim co-operation had come to an end.
This unfortunate development seemed to be offset for a while by change for the better in the attitude of the British. The labour party had promised so much to Indian nationalism. It came to power in the British elections. The viceroy lord Irwin, went to London, and on his return stated that the government accepted that `the natural issue of India`s constitutional progress` was `minion status`. He also announced that a round table conference, to which Indian leaders would invited, would be held to work out a constitution for India.
In England, there was still considerable opposition to Indian aspirations despite the viceroy`s assurances. The labour party did not have a clear majority, and imperialist interests were still powerful. Lord Birkenhead, the former secretary of state, declared `no one had the right to tell the people of India that they were likely to attain dominion status` but hopes were still high in India. It was stated only two months after Irwin`s statement. In the `Delhi manifesto`, Gandhiji, the two Nehru, Tej Bahadur Sapru and others, pledged their co-operation in evolving a dominion constitution. But when Gandhiji, the elder Nehru and others met the viceroy in December, Irwin said that he could not promise that the British government would grant dominion status. This turnabout settled matters for Gandhiji. From this moment he dropped his opposition to complete independence.
Importance of Jinnah’s Fourteen Points A comparison of the Nehru Report with the Quaid-e-Azam’s Fourteen points shows that the political gap between the Muslims and the Hindus had really widened. Fourteen points of Quaid-e-Azam became principles for Muslims of India. These points made it clear to Hindus and British Government that Muslims wanted their own identity without influence by Hindus. Fourteen points not only revived Muslim League but also directed them on a new way. These points prepared the Muslims of India for a bold step to struggle for freedom. The importance of these points can be judged by the fact that these points were presented in the Round Table Conference of 1930. As a result, these points became the demands of the Muslims and greatly influenced the Muslims thinking for the next two decades till the establishment of Pakistan in 1947.
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