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Mkt624 Assignment No. 1 solution

Friday, October 29, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Q#01: Why do you think it is important to convert a product into a brand?

Ans:


Because a brand name is a specific notation, or word for a product or service. It is a trademark that identifies a brand. It comes under the proprietary rights of a company. In fact if a company is expanding internationally then it becomes necessary for the company to adopt such a brand name and logo which can prove an excellent identity for the company. After the invention of advertising, in 1930 the concept of brand name emerged. Have you ever noticed that people who are brand conscious always love to use branded products which have a brand name on it.

Importance of a brand name in advertisement is also clear if you think for a while that whenever the name of fast food comes you think about McDonald, and Subways. After making a strong brand positioning, brand name of the company becomes its identification and a tool of marketing and promotion. 

Q#02: State five of your favorite brands and discuss briefly why they are so dear to you? 

Wall’s dairy ice cream. It is so dear to me because not even a single time I went fad up by buying it because it is a largest selling brand in ice cream products & has a very wide range of products in a single banner. So whether if talk about taste or about quality & flavor, it will win all the time & I can bet upon it. The major motive to choose this product is, its international recognition & I feel pride to be a part of such product. 

Gourmet sweets & bakers. If we talk about confectioners then the largest selling brand in sweets & bakery products in big cities of our country is Gourmet. Whenever I visited their outlets, every Time I enjoyed their privilege & clean environment. All the stuff is so much dainty & hygienic there & whenever I want to buy some confectioners for relatives or friends then there is only one name in mind, “Gourmet” Also there is a pride of buying quality products which has its recognition too. 

Virtual University. If we talk about educational institutes then VU is one of that institutes which are spreading knowledge at our door steps. Its online study system is very helpful especially for females & working students. The way of learning is so simple that a student if regularly attends the lectures, always gets the degree. The main benefit of this institute is that the VU brand globally recognized which has its branches worldwide. 

Gold Leaf. In cigarettes, gold leaf is a largest selling brand in Pakistan. This brand is its recognition in itself. The tobacco quality, packing quality & the brand logo enough for feeling pride among friends.

Nestle. If we talk about health products then globally there is one & only brand is arisen in our minds, Nestle. I feel proud to be a part of Nestle family due to its trust among customers.

...................

Another Solution:


Q: What do you think that it is important to convert a product into a brand?

This simply means that branding is just not about wrapping a product into a nice package and selling that in a hope that I have turned a product into a brand. The brand must require special or superior value preposition, the brand must be maintained a good relationship with customers, and also changes in response to fierce competition yet meaning the same to its loyal customers. 

The customer must feel that they have full value of their money spending in terms of quality; the value has to be more than the generic product. The customer can get feel satisfaction from the products. Thus a good brand must create a good value for the company or the organization. Therefore, a brand creation is the end product of a team of professionals, nor just a single person effort it is a team effort. 

The firm or the organization need to do consistent hard work to give meaning to the product to turn into a brand. The brand must represent the quality and the satisfaction of the customers. a brand represents itself in the differentiated form and features for the customers to acknowledged without differentiation a product does not qualify to be acknowledged .as a brand of the product can occupy an intended position in the customers mind than the product can convert into a brand .competition creates challenges for the brand management tools the team of professionals can face the challenges and live up to those by responding professionally. Brands go through the rough and timbre of market dynamics. 

A perpetual effort is required to sustain it in the market. a good brand works as a good future sales good future earning and a source of good future demand and lasting attractiveness for the company , it also shows a strong entry barriers to competition. It also carries its value in the local market as well as in the international market a good brand must offers economies of scale in advertising, and promotions. Brands must be managed keeping in view their value for the consumer and for the company

Q 02: State five of your brands and discuss why they are so dear to you?

brands must maintain its quality and satisfaction of customers in their mind. It is not a single person creation it is an effort of team of professionals

01. ST MICHEAL: It is a firm or organization can create good quality products for the valued customers. It has a local and international market. It creates shirts, trousers, socks, sweaters and so on. For their customers. The company can create a good image on the customers mind. The company can make its products according to its customer’s needs. In 2006 I was in USA, I bought the trouser from the store of the ST Michael‘s store. After a couple of days I thought it is not so good enough, I was go there ask to the reception officer if there is any possibility I want to change the trouser with the new design and new style trousers. He asks me you go and change as you want. I was very pleased to him and thanks to him. That’s the company policy can create a good image in my mind I give him a price differentiation money and says thanks to him. That’s the tool through which the company can create a good satisfaction in the customer’s mind and also the customers can want to buy in the future.

02. SONY: It is a firm which can produce mobiles phones, television, LCD, monitors, stereo systems etc. it captures its local market as well as its international market. it creates a good quality product which can use after its warranty expires. It has created a brand name in its customer’s mind. After a product is purchased by the customer the company can provide its free spare parts warranty in the limited period. 

The company can create its product according to the customer’s need. That the customer can easily afford to buy it. The firm or the company can create lots of difference in their product among competitors. The person or the customer of electronic product he must first prefer to buy a Sony product that is a good and long life product. The company can also introduce a new technology in their products. That the customer can want to buy it. Some customers have special attention to the new technology products and it prefer to buy it as soon as possible.

03. HONDA: it is that firm or company which produces a vehicles or cars for its customers. The company can differ in styles, quality products, luxurious and lifelong in their products among competitors. it can create an image on the customer’s mind. Company can create or turn its products into a brand and thus now he has generated a good cash flow, good future revenue for it. As time passed it introduces new technology in their vehicles manufactured so that the valued customers can want to buy it. The company can produce a product that can be durable, long life and good quality products.

04. IBM: IBM is a firm which can produce computer systems, LCD’s, keyboard, and other applications of the computer systems. it produces a short body system which have a greater speed of there applications. There products must be long life and there products might be working in extreme cold and hot conditions or climate. The system user can already know its durability and quality of the IBM it produces its products in all sizes, different designs which can show the company’s image. The spare parts of the system can be easily in local market as well as in international markets.

05. NOKIA: it is multinational company. It produces mobiles phones and there accessories of mobile phones for their customers. It produces a good quality and long life mobile phones. The new and old customers can know its performance and durability so that’s why the every customer can want to purchase according to its range. The company can introduce a new technology features in its products. The company can create its products in different sizes, styles, and designs which the customer wants. NOKIA can create its huge market in he whole world. Its competitors cannot compete in mobiles phones applications. The customer first preference is to buy a new good looking product. It also give its body parts and other accessories of the mobile phone in the market. The price of the product can also attract the customer itself.

ECO403 Assignment No. 1 Solution

Friday, October 29, 2010 Posted In Edit This

 Solution 1

Nominal GDP
Real GDP
GDP reflector
Inflation rate
92575
92575
100
---
94115
82355
114.3
14.3%
145800
112450
129.7
15.4%








Formulas


For calculation nominal gdp Multiply Ps & Qs from same year llike 200*140+315*205=92575

Etc etc

Asy he bqi b calculate krni ha

Or real gdp me prices 1st wali use hongi or quantities sub ki baribari lagai jaengy

Llike 200*14+315*205=92575
200*70+315*217=82355

200*200+315*230=112450

GDP Deflator = Nominal GDP /Real GDP *100


Or inflation rate 1st --, or 2nd 114.3-100=14.3%
3rd 129.7-114.3=15.4%


Solution 2

labor force = employment * unemployment
= 164.5+8= 172.5 million

number of people not in labor force= not employed= 8 million

Labor-Force Participation Rate = Labor Force/Adult Population x 100
=172.5/329.8*100 = 52.30 million

Unemployment Rate = Number of Unemployed /Labor Force*100
=8 /17505*100= 4.64 million

ACC501 Assignment Solution

Friday, October 29, 2010 Posted In Edit This

ECO402 Assignment Solution

Friday, October 29, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Question 1

Part A
Qd= 850-25P
Qs= 500+45p

To find equilibrium price

Qd=Qs
850-25p=500+45p

After solving the equation we have the value of P, which is equilibrium price.

Then put he value of p in any one of the equation of quantity then we have the equilibrium quantity Q.

Part B

For calculating elasticity of demand we have the formula…

Elasticity of demand = Ed = dQ/dP / Q/P

Derivative should b taken of demand function (Qd= 850-25P) with the respect to P
Ed is negative. 

For calculating elasticity of supply we have the formula…

Elasticity of demand = Es = dQ/dP / Q/P

Derivative should b taken of supply function (Qs= 500+45p) with the respect to P
Es is positive.

Question 2

q
TU
MU
0
1
2
3
4
5
5
7
8
0
10
18
24
28
30
30
28
24
--



Mu= dTU/dQ

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


QNO1

A:

QD=QS

QD=850-25P
QS=500+45P
WE KNOW QD=QS
SO
850-25P=500+45P
850-500=45P-25P
350=20P
P=350/20
=17.5
QS=500+45P
QS=500+45(17.5)
QS=500+787.5
QS=1287.5
AS WE KNOW QS=QD FOR EQULIBRIUM

SO it will be at 1287.5
............

Qd=Qs
850-25p=500+45p
850-500=45p+25p
350=70p
p=350/70
p=5 ( equilibrium price)
Now,
Putting the value of P in eq 1, we will get the equilibrium quantity,
Q=500+45(5)
Q=500+225
Q=725 per bushel

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


Mgt111 Assignment Solution

Friday, October 29, 2010 Posted In Edit This

Assignment#1 (Mgt 111)
  
Civil Services have become the key wheels on which the entire engine of the state has to move. Hence the leaders for these services are drawn through the competitive examination. The officers thus appointed are bestowed with solemn responsibilities and are scheduled to hold the highest offices of the country. 

Pakistan today needs young men and women, with qualities of both head and heart. To choose only such balanced individuals is the purpose of the civil services examination.
  
We discussed to the following points:-

ü  Police Service of Pakistan
ü  Foreign Service of Pakistan
ü  Pakistan Audit & Accounts Services
ü  Commerce & Trade Group

ü  Railways Group

1) Polce Service Of Pakistan:-

The Police Service of Pakistan (PSP) is comprised of police officers selected through the Federal Public Service Commission Entry is at the level of Assistant Superintendent
of Police.
                                           
Under the old Police Act, the Police had many responsibilities. But with the enforcement of Police Order 2002, it has been given a leadership role alongwith lot more responsibilities and accountabilities. Every new posting is a challenge it is a never ending war against crime, social evils and every day problems of the people residing in a particular area.          

2) Foreign Service Of Pakistan:-

Foreign Service of Pakistan was constituted on an ad hoc basis immediately on the birth of Pakistan. The Service was first given an executive fiat in a decision of the Federal Cabinet in July, 1948. A formal resolution constituting the service was announced in October 1952. It envisaged diplomatic posts in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in the Diplomatic and consular missions of Pakistan abroad. The resolution provided for the posts of (a) Secretary (1), (b) Joint Secretaries (2), (c) Deputy Secretaries (8), and (d) Under Secretaries (16) Posts for Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad provided for Ambassadors (17), High Commissioners (5), Ministers (4), Commissioners (1), Deputy High Commissioners (2), Counselors (15), First Secretaries (10), Second Secretaries (19), Third Secretaries (31), Consul General (3), Consul (4), and Vice Consul (7).

3) Pakistan Audit & Accounts Services:-

Pakistan Audit and Accounts Service operates under the constitution 1973, article 144 to 176, and is presently being run through Presidential Order No 23/2001.
The functions and powers of Auditor General Pakistan have been defined in the above mentioned order. The Auditor General enjoys a tenure posting of five years under the constitution. He is responsible to maintain accounts of the public sector organizations and is responsible to conduct audit of the same.

4) Commerce and Trade Group:-

Consequent upon the introduction of Administrative Reforms of 1973 aiming to create Civil Services of specialized nature and responsibility, the Trade Service of Pakistan (TSP) was changed into Commerce & Trade Group to administer Export Promotion Bureau, Office of the Chief Controller of Imports & Exports, National Tariff Commission, Trade Marks Registry and Department of Insurance. The posts of Commercial Secretary/Counsellor in Pakistani missions abroad have been kept open to all services, due to the fact that the Office Memorandum under which the Commerce & Trade Group was created did not mention these posts.

5) Railways Group:-

Pakistan Railways forms the life line of the country catering to all its needs for the large scale movement of freight as well as passenger traffic thereby contributing to economic growth and national integration.

Pakistan Railways is a multi-cadre/multi branch organization and can be dubbed as a mini-govt. For running a huge organization like that of Railways, various branches are serving to run the business smoothly. The Railways Commercial & Transportation (C&T) group plays the most important role as such it is the only cadre in Railways, inducted through CSS and is a part of Civil Services Academy Alumni C&T group is also called as operating and management department as it is solely responsible for the promotion of commercial business (freight & passenger) and for overall safety concerning train movement and operations.

STA301 Assignment No. 1 solution

Friday, October 29, 2010 Posted In Edit This

Assignment No.1 (Course STA301)

 Fall 2010 (Total Marks 30)

Deadline
Your Assignment must be uploaded/ submitted before or on
23:59 29th 4th Nov, 2010   
STUDENTS ARE STRICTLY DIRECTED TO SUBMIT THEIR ASSIGNMENT BEFORE OR BY DUE DATE. NO ASSIGNMNENT AFTER DUE DATE WILL BE ACCEPTED VIA E.MAIL).

Rules for Marking

It should be clear that your Assignment will not get any credit IF:
  • The Assignment submitted, via email, after due date.
  • The submitted Assignment is not found as MS Word document file.
  • There will be unnecessary, extra or irrelevant material.
  • The Statistical notations/symbols are not well-written i.e., without using MathType software.
  • The Assignment will be copied from handouts, internet or from any other student’s file. Copied material (from handouts, any book or by any website) will be awarded ZERO MARKS. It is PLAGIARISM and an Academic Crime.
  • The medium of the course is English. Assignment in Urdu or Roman languages will not be accepted.
  • Assignment means Comprehensive yet precise accurate details about the given topic quoting different sources (books/articles/websites etc.). Do not rely only on handouts. You can take data/information from different authentic sources (like books, magazines, website etc) BUT express/organize all the collected material in YOUR OWN WORDS. Only then you will get good marks.

Objective(s) of this Assignment:

  • The assignment is being uploaded to strengthen the students’ BASIC concepts about statistics.
  •  How to recognize and differentiate among different types of data in real life examples.
  • Hands on arranging and displaying already collected data into an organized form, using given statistical method.
  • Make students able to understand the concept of measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion.

Assignment.1 (Lessons 1-11)

Question 1:                                                                                                               Marks: 5+5=10
Give an answer of the followings:
  • Define an array.
  • University students have been assigned roll no’s according to their marks. Which scale of measurement is used to assign the roll numbers?
  • When statistical results are misleading?

(b) Make discrete frequency distribution from the given data,
       1,2,3,2,1,2,1,3, 4,5,1,2,3,1,4,2, 2,3,2,1,4,4,4,2,1,    

Also find;
  • Cumulative frequencies
  • Relative frequencies

Question 2:                                                                                                                        Marks: 2+8=10
(a) Find Geometric mean from the following data.
1, 2, 3,2,4,5,4,3,4,-1,4, 3,0,1,-3, 2,4

(b) The weight of the 40 male students at a university is given in the following frequency table:
Weight
frequency
118-126
3
127-135
5
136-144
9
145-153
12
154-162
5
163-171
4
172-180
2

Calculate median and mode from the above data.

Question 3:                                                                                                                      Marks: 2+2+6 =10
(a) Why Quartile deviation is better than the Rang?
(b) For given data calculate range and coefficient of range,
0.035, 0.045, 0.031, 0.044, 0.032

(c) Calculate an appropriate measure of dispersion for the following data.

Farm Size (acre)
No. of Farms
Bellow 40
394
41-80
461
81-120
391
121-160
334
161-200
169
201-240
113
241 and above
148
                                                             


Solution:



Q.NO.1

ARRAY

1. to place in proper or desired order; marshal: Napoleon arrayed his troops for battle.

2. to clothe with garments, esp. of an ornamental kind; dress up; deck out: She arrayed herself in furs and diamonds.

3. order or arrangement, as of troops drawn up for battle.

4. military force, esp. a body of troops.

5. a large and impressive grouping or organization of things: He couldn't dismiss the array of facts.

6. regular order or arrangement; series: an array of figures.

7. a large group, number, or quantity of people or things: an impressive array of scholars; an imposing array of books.

8. attire; dress: in fine array.

9. an arrangement of interrelated objects or items of equipment for accomplishing a particular task: thousands of solar cells in one vast array.

10. Mathematics, Statistics .
a. an arrangement of a series of terms according to value, as from largest to smallest.
b. an arrangement of a series of terms in some geometric pattern, as in a matrix.

11. Computers . a block of related data elements, each of which is usually identified by one or more subscripts



Q1(b)

Make discrete frequency distribution from the given data,
1,2,3,2,1,2,1,3, 4,5,1,2,3,1,4,2, 2,3,2,1,4,4,4,2,1,


X                           F                           CF                         rf
1                           7                           7                           7/25=0.28
2                           8                           15                          8/25=
3                           4                           19                          4/25=
4                           5                           24                          5/25=
5                           1                           25                          1/25=

  
Question 2: (a) Find Geometric mean from the following data.
1, 2, 3,2,4,5,4,3,4,-1,4, 3,0,1,-3, 2,4


AS WE can see data contain 0 we can not take log for 0 so it is impossible to solve this question for Geometric mean

Remember when data have 0 we cannot compute Geometric mean as well as harmonic mean

For given data calculate range and coefficient of range,
0.035, 0.045, 0.031, 0.044, 0.032

Range=0.045-0.031=0.014

coefficient of range=0.045-0.031/0.045+0.031
=0.014/0.076
=0.1842

QNO3(A):
The quartile deviation is superior to range as it is not affected by extremely large or small observations. It is simple to understand and easy to calculate. The quartile deviation is as widely used as other measures of dispersion. It is used in situations where extreme observations are thought to be unrepresentative.

When statistical results are misleading?

The world is littered with statistics, and the average person is bombarded with five statistics a day1. Statistics can be misleading and sometimes deliberately distorting. There are three kinds of commonly recognised untruths:

Lies, damn lies and statistics.
- Mark Twain
This quote from Mark Twain is accurate; statistics are often used to lie to the public because most people do not understand how statistics work. The aim of this entry is to acquaint the reader with the basics of statistical analysis and to help them determine when someone is trying to pull a fast one.

Think about how stupid the average person is; now realise half of them are dumber than that.
- George Carlin
There are many books which teach statistics, but they are mostly big and heavy mathematical books, which cost a lot of money, and which may require a degree in the subject to understand anyway. For many years there has been a need for a Statistics for Dummies book and in fact there is one, written by Deborah Rumsey. On the Internet information on how to understand statistics can be found, but the sites mostly cater for medical students who need to examine experimental drug studies, although a great online starting place is RobertNiles.com, which explains how to examine statistics for errors and how to create your own statistics correctly
  
(c) Calculate an appropriate measure of dispersion for the following data.
In this situation we will calculate Quartile deviation be cause we can not find value for X due to open end classes so we will be unable to compute S.D variance mean deviation average etc only quartile deviation is suitable calulate it your self

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