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Fin622 Assignment No. 1 Fall 2011 solution

Saturday, October 29, 2011 Posted In Edit This
ABC corporation stock is selling for Rs. 150 per share according to Karachi stock exchange market summary. A rumor about the company has been heard that the firm will make an exciting new product announcement next week. By studying the industry, it is being concluded that this new product will support a growth rate of 20% in dividend for two years. After that it is expected that the growth rate in dividend will decline to 6% and remains same onwards. The firm currently pays an annual dividend of Rs. 4.

The rate of return on stocks like ABC corporation is 10%.

Required:

I. Find out the values for D1, D2 and D3 (8 Marks)
II. What will be the price of stock (P2) at the end of year 2? (4 Marks)
III. What will be the present value (P0) of stock? (6 Marks)
IV. Should we buy stocks of ABC Corporation at Rs. 150? (2 Marks)

Solution

Find out the values for D1, D2 and D3

D1= 4 (1+0.2) =4.8

D2= 4.8 (1+0.2) =5.76

D3=5.76 (1+0.05) =6.11

What will be the price of stock (P2) at the end of year 2?

P2= 5.76 (1+0.2)/ .1-0.05

P2=138.24

What will be the present value (P0) of stock?

PO= 4.8/(1+.1)1 + 5.76/(1+.1)2 + 6.11/(1+.1)3 + 128.31/(1.1)3

= 110

Should we buy stocks of ABC Corporation at Rs. 150

As the present value of the stock is less then the current selling price so the stock should not be purchased.

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Q1. Keeping other factors constant, you are required to highlight the reasons for the increase in current ratio.

As per my suggestions if all other factors are kept constant than the reasons for increase in currents ratios are as followings

Solution:
1-Sweeping of Bank Accounts by company
2-Improved Current Asset by Rising Shareholder’s Funds
3-Sell-off Unproductive Assets by company
4-Pay off Current Liabilities
5-Faster Conversion Cycle of Debtors or Accounts Receivables
6-Increase in company cash balance with a long-term loan
7-Increase in current assets with new equity investments
8-Convertion fixed assets to cash by company
9-Pay off of some current liabilities

Q2. You are also required to suggest that, with company’s point of view, would this increase be considered as positive or negative. Give arguments in favor of your suggestion.

Solution :
The ideal current ration is supposed to be 2:1 means that current assests must be twice that that of current liabilities. If this ratio is less than 2:1 the short term financial position is not supposed to be too favourable but if its is more than this limit than it is showing idleless no working capital.

Here in this scenario
current ratio in 2009 is 1.2:1 
current ratio in 2010 is 1.96:1
conclusion

Although increase in current ratio is positive sign but ratios in both years don’t match the standard requirements 

CS304 Assignment No. 1 Fall 2011 solution

Saturday, October 29, 2011 Posted In Edit This
Object Oriented Programming (CS304)
Assignment No.1

Deadline
Your assignment must be uploaded before or on Monday 31st October, 2011

Rules for Marking
It should be clear that your assignment will not get any credit if:

The assignment is submitted after due date
The assignment is copied

Assignment: 
In this course we are going to develop software for “Electronic Card System” that will computerize all the necessary processes. This application will facilitate the Normal user, Member User and Administrator in running and managing the card creation, customization and sending to appropriate receiver. We will mainly focus on these aspects,

1. Normal User related functionalities
2. Member User related functionalities
3. Administrator related functionalities

The explanation of these three systems is given below,

1. Normal User related functionalities :
Normal user/visitor can sign up the application by just providing username and email address. He/She can view different categories of cards (birthday, marriage, friendship etc). He/She can select card form the given categories and then send to the appropriate receiver by providing email address and name of the receiver. Normal User can be a member user upon request.


2. Member User related functionalities:
Member/Registered user can perform all the functionalities of Normal user along with some additional benefits. He/She can customize cards as per his/her own will. For this He/She can select card from a list of card category, select sound (background music), and a textual space. After Creation of card he/she can send to a desired person. He/She can additionally make up a profile and a contact list. Member User can discard/cancel any transaction under process. 
a. We will store necessary attributes for member user such as,
(name, age,e-mail address, , roll no, telephone #, NIC number,  …..)
b. We will store necessary attributes for  cards and category  as,
(Card ID, category ID, music ID, name …..)


3. Administrator related functionalities:

Administrators can add/modify/delete cards and its related categories, music. Some new cards can be inserted into any existing category or in a new category. Modification of card deals change in category from one to another, also some new sound files (music) can be added. Old ones can be deleted as well.
Administrator can add/delete a user.  

The tasks you have to do are:

1. You have to identify the main entities (objects) for this system.
2. You have to find out the relationships between these objects.
3. You will have to find the necessary attributes and functions that need to be associated with each object to implement the functionality mentioned above.
4. You will make a final comprehensive diagram show and all objects and their relations along with their attributes and functions. 

Note: Use all concepts you have studied so far like abstraction, encapsulation, and inheritance and sub typing, Information Hiding and Polymorphism wherever applicable. You can use any tool for drawing like MS Office or Visio.

Important things to consider:  

1. As happens in real world that everyone visualize a problem in different way so the solutions of all students should be according to their own thinking not taken from some source.
2. As this is preliminary phase of our system so it is recommended that you identify as much objects and their relationships as you can some of them may be eliminated in next assignments.

Example:

A snapshot of final object model from the solution of previous semester first assignment is shown below, (you need not to worry about data types at this moment)

Example Object Model for Learning Management System


Solution:


In this assignment we need to provide:


1) Context Level diagram
2) Entity Relationship Model
3) Level 1 Diagram
4) Detail level Diagram.


I suggest MS Visio should be used

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

1. Main Objects.


Student
Content Management System (Portal)
Study Program
Course
Topic
Sub-Topic
Lesson


2. Relationship between the objects


A Student must logon to Portal
Portal contains one or more Study Programs
A Student must select a Study Program
A Study Program is a group of more than one Course
A Course is composed of more than one lesson and more than one Topic
A Topic may contain Sub-Topics
A Topic may span for one or more Lessons
A Lesson may contains one or more Topics
A Sub Topic is “a kind” of topic
A Topic / Sub Topic can be available in HTML, PPT and PDF formats
Student should be able to Search, View, Read and Download contents


3. Attributes & Methods


:::Attributes:::
Portal: (No. of Study Programs, Selected Program, Selected Course)
Study Program: (Code, Title)
Course: (ID, Name)
Student: (ID, Name)
Topic: (ID, Title, HTML File, PDF File, PPT File)
Sub Topic: (ID, Title, HTML File, PDF File, PPT File)
Lesson: (ID, Title)


:::Methods:::
Portal: Add, Remove, Select, Search, View, Print, Download
Study Program: Select, List Courses, View
Student: Logon, Select, Read
Course: Add, Select, View
Topic: Add, Remove, Select, Search, View, Print, Download
SubTopic: Add, Remove, Select, Search, View, Print, Download
Lesson: Add, Remove, Select, Search, View, Print, Download

CS401 Assignment No. 1 Fall 2011 solution

Saturday, October 29, 2011 Posted In Edit This
Question No. 1:
a)
Suppose your computer has a processor with 24-bit address lines. What is maximum amount of memory that can be attached in your system? (Show the step(s) for calculation of maximum addressable memory) (2.5 marks)

Solution: -
Accessible memory addresses = 2number of address bits
224 = 16777216 bytes
16777216 / 1024 = 16384 KB
16384 / 1024 = 16 MB

b)
How many address bits are required for accessing 1GB RAM? (Show the step(s) for calculation of required address bits) (2.5 marks)

Solution: -
As you know 1GB means 1024MB so we can write it as
1GB = 1024 x 1MB
As you know that 1MB is 220
So we can write the expression as
1024 x 220
This can be further simplified as
210 x 220
=230
Hence, 30 address lines are required to access 1GB RAM.

Question No. 2:
What are the contents of memory locations 0151, 0152, 0153, ………….,0158 if 0151 is starting address for vusolutions Label1. (1 mark for each location)
Label1: dw 8494
db 42
dw 54
dw 7500
db 01

Solution: -
Memory location Contents
0151                              94
0152                              84
0153                              42
0154                              54
0155                              00
0156                              00
0157                              75
0158                              01

Question No. 3:
a)
Calculate physical address using the following segment offset pairs. (1 mark each)
1. 00EA:02A4
2. 0100:AA23
3. D3B8:F222
4. 00A0:1234
5. 8FEf:0FFF

Solution: -

Memory Location
Contents
0151
94
0152
84
0153
42
0154
54
0155
00
0156
00
0157
75
0158
01

Question No. 3:
a)
Calculate physical address using the following segment offset pairs. (1 mark each)

1. 00EA:02A4
2. 0100:AA23
3. D3B8:F222
4. 00A0:1234
5. 8FEf:0FFF

Solution: -
1)
00EA0
002A4 +
_______
01144 = physical address
2)
01000
0AA23 +
_______
0BA23 = physical address
3)
D3B80
0F222 +
______
E2DA2 = physical address
4)
00A00
01234 +
________
01C34 = physical address
5)
8FEF0
00FFF +
_________
90EEF = physical address

b)
What is effective address generated by the following instructions? Every instruction is independent of others. vusolutions Initially bx = 0x0101, bp=0x0222, si=0x1234, var1=0x1771 (1 mark each)

1. mov ax, [bx+si]
2. mov ax, [bx+100] (100 is in decimal)
3. mov ax, [bp+si]
4. mov ax, [var1+bp]
5. mov ax, [si+var1]

Solution: -
1)
Effectice address = [bx+si]
= [0101 + 1234]
= [1335]
2)
Effectice address = [bx + 100]
After converting 100 into hexadecimal
Effectice address = [bx + 64]
= [0101 + 64]
= [0165]

3)
Effective address = [bp+si]
= [0222 + 1234]
= [1456]
4)
Effective address = [var1+bp]
= [1771 + 0222]
= [1993]
5)
Effective address = [si + var1]
= [1234 + 1771]
= [29A5]


Q.2:
Answer:


A) Segment: 0000: Range: 00000-0FFFF 
B) Segment: FFFF: Ranges: FFFF0-FFFFF and 00000-0FFEF

CS402 Assignment No. 1 Fall 2011 solution

Saturday, October 29, 2011 Posted In Edit This
Theory of Automata
CS402
ASSIGNMENT NO.1
Total Marks= 20 (4+4+4+4+4)

Assignment Submission Deadline
Your assignment must be uploaded before or on 31-10-2011 [upload your assignment well before due date to avoid any assignment uploading related issues]

Rules for Marking
It should be clear that your assignment will not get any credit if:
o The assignment is submitted after due date
o The assignment is copied

Objectives
Objectives of this assignment are to make students able to understand the following concepts,
o Basic concepts clarification
o Recursive Definition of a language
o Regular Expression
o Finite Automata

Question No.1 Basic Concepts [Sets, Letters, Valid Alphabet, Languages, Strings and Words] 
a. Which of the following are strings generated from alphabet Σ = {a, b}
i. abba
ii. baa$a
iii. abc.
iv. ba?
v. b.bba

b. Which of the following are valid words for language of all strings ending with bab defined for alphabet Σ = {a, c ,  bab}
i. acccba
ii. cccbaa
iii. cccbab
iv. babbb
v. baaab


Question No.2 Defining Languages [Using Recursive Definition, Re’s, Fa’s]

Give recursive definitions of following languages defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}
i. Having all strings starting with b and having length greater than 2
ii. NOT having ab at any place.

Question No.3 Regular Expressions
Give Regular Expression for each of the following language defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}
i. Even Length strings ending with b
ii. Strings with b’s count multiple of three

Question No.4 Models To Recognize Languages (Fa’s)
Give Finite Automata (FA) for each of the following language defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}
i. Language having all strings NOT containing aa at any place
ii. Language of all strings NOT STARTING with bb

Question No.5 Models To Recognize Languages (Nfa’s)
Give Non Deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) for each of the following language defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}
i. Language of all strings STARTING WITH bba
ii. Language having all strings NOT having even no of a’s and b’s

You can view the demo video in file,http://vulms.vu.edu.pk/Courses/CS402/Downloads/Assignment1.00.zip to see how to make FA in MS Word.
Note: 
Please keep in view the following points while attempting any question:
• Where OR is used in the description of a language it means that expressions on both sides of ‘OR’ are parts of the language.
• Where NOT is used in the description of the language it means that language includes all strings except described in the ‘NOT’ condition, for example 

language NOT starting with a, means all strings not having a in the start (you have to evaluate yourself what kinds of strings are these).

Assignment Uploading Instructions: 
o Upload single word file having solutions for all parts as well as chart images.
o You can crop and compress images in the word file by double clicking on an image and selecting compress all images option to decrease file size before 

uploading it.

Appendix:
Definition of Set:
A set can be defined as follows:
“Non repeating collection of elements”
Example Sets:

i. {car, bus }
ii. {table, chair , stand}
iii. {basket ,eggs}
iv. { ^, #, *, / }

However {car, car, bus} is NOT a set according to its definition.

Solution:


Question No.1 Basic Concepts [Sets, Letters, Valid Alphabet, Languages, Strings and Words]
a. Which of the following are strings generated from alphabet Σ = {a, b}
i. abba
ii. baa$a
iii. abc.
iv. ba?
v. b.bba

b. Which of the following are valid words for language of all strings ending with bab defined for alphabet Σ = {a, c , bab}
i. acccba
ii. cccbaa
iii. cccbab
iv. babbb
v. baaab


Question No.2 Defining Languages [Using Recursive Definition, Re’s, Fa’s]
Give recursive definitions of following languages defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}

i. Having all strings starting with b and having length greater than 2

Answer. { baa, bab, bba, bbb, bba, baab, ….. .. }

ii. NOT having ab at any place.


Answer. {^, a, b, ba, bab, bba, bbb, baa, bbba,…..}

Question No.3 Regular Expressions
Give Regular Expression for each of the following language defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}

i. Even Length strings ending with b

Answer. { ^ ,ab, bb, aabb,abab, bbbb, aaaabb, aaabab, ……}

ii. Strings with b’s count multiple of three

Answer. {^, bbb, bbbbbb, bbbbbbbbb, bbbbbbbbbbbb, bbbbbbbbbbbbbbb,
bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb, bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb,………}


Question No.4 Models To Recognize Languages (Fa’s)
Give Finite Automata (FA) for each of the following language defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}

i. Language having all strings NOT containing aa at any place

Answer. { ^, a, b, ab, ba, abb, bab,bba, baba, abbb, ….}

ii. Language of all strings NOT STARTING with bb

Answer. { ^, a, b, aab, aaab, abab, aabab, …….}

Question No.5 Models To Recognize Languages (Nfa’s)
Give Non Deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) for each of the following language defined over alphabet Σ = {a, b}

i. Language of all strings STARTING WITH bba

Answer. { ^, bba, bbaa, bbaba, bbaab, bbab, bbabb, …}

ii. Language having all strings NOT having even no of a’s and b’s

Answer. {^, a, b, aaab, bbba, ababab, aaaaab, bbbbba, ……}

Visitors visits / Page Preview Report of VUsolutions Blog - Thanks Note

Saturday, October 29, 2011 Posted In Edit This
Dear visitors/students,

THANKS A LOT FOR UR Continuous TRUST & Appreciations.

Thanks you all to make VUsolutions a LEADING website / blog among all. As you already know, VUsolutions is a PIONEER blog which started help to VU students / Cyberians and NOW its become very popular in all the VUstudents and renewed/famous due to its SOLVED material with highly accuracy ratio.

Remember, VUsolutions' dedicated team always keep in mind the main slogan of VUsolutions, i.e. "OUR MISSION, to serve you with the UNIQUE, EASY and BEST way".

Once again THANKS you all for ur continuous trust, believe and appreciations.

Best of luck you all.

for MD (VUsolutions)
VUsolutions HelpDesk  


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