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cs610 solution

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Give the detailed comparison of 10 Base‐2, 10 Base‐5 and 10 Base-t LAN wiring schemes used for Ethernet technology.
10 Base-2:
10Base2, also called Cheapernet or ThinNet, is a 10-Mbps baseband Ethernet specification using a 50-ohm thin coaxial cable. 10Base2, defined in the IEEE 802.3a specification, has a distance limit of 185 meters per segment. 10Base2 is based on Manchester signal encoding transmitted over a thin coaxial cable. Minimum 0.5 meters (20 inches) between computer connections. Maximum 30 computers per segment. Follows “5-4-3 rule”, maximum overall length is 925 meters.
Uses thin coax that is cheaper and easier to install than thick Ethernet coax. Transceiver electronics built into NIC; NIC connects directly to network medium. Coax cable uses BNC connector.


Coax runs directly to back of each connected computer. T connector attaches directly to NIC



Useful when many computers are located close to each other. May be unreliable - any disconnection disrupts entire network.


10 Base-5:
10Base5, also called ThickNet, is a 10-Mbps baseband Ethernet specification using standard (thick) 50-ohm baseband coaxial cable. 10Base5, which is part of the IEEE 802.3 baseband physical layer specification, has a distance limit of 500 meters per segment. 10Base5 is based on Manchester signal encoding transmitted. 500 meter maximum segment length (1,640 feet). Uses transceivers attached to segment by means of a vampire tap. Minimum 2.5 meters (8 feet) between transceivers. Maximum 100 computers per segment. Follows the “5-4-3 rule” 5 segments, 4 repeaters, 3 populated segments. Maximum overall length is 2500 meters. Maximum distance from segment to computer is 50 meters (drop cable).


Thick Ethernet also requires termination to avoid signal reflectance. In some circumstances, transceivers may be inconvenient; e.g., workstations in a lab. Connection multiplexor connects multiple computers to a single transceiver:
o Each computer's AUI cable connects to connection multiplexor
o One AUI from multiplexor to Ethernet coax

Connection multiplexor completely invisible to attached computers

10 Base-t:
10BaseT, also known as 10Base-T, is a transmission medium specified by IEEE 802.3i that carries information at rates up to 10Mbps in baseband form using unshielded twisted pair (UTP) conductors with low cost Level 3 or better UTP wiring up to 100 meters (328 ft.). 10BaseT uses RJ45 connectors and sometimes 50-pin AMP connectors to a patch panel. Variously called 10Base-T, twisted pair or TP Ethernet. Replaces AUI cable with twisted pair cable. Replaces thick coax with hub






Extension of connection multiplexing concept. Sometimes called ``Ethernet-in-a-box''. Effectively a very short Ethernet with very long AUI cables can be connected into larger Ethernets



Protocol software and Ethernet wiring:
· All wiring technologies use identical Ethernet specification
o Same frame format
o Same CSMA/CD algorithms
· Can mix different technologies in one Ethernet
· NICs can provide all three connection technologies

Protocol software can't differentiate among wiring technologies
Comparison of wiring schemes:
· Separate transceiver allows computer to be powered off or disconnected from network without disrupting other communication
· Transceiver may be located in an inconvenient place
· Finding malfunctioning transceiver can be hard
· Thin coax takes minimum of cable
· Disconnecting one computer (or one loose connection) can disrupt entire network
· Hub wiring centralizes electronics and connections, making management easier
· Bottom line - 10Base-T most popular because of cost

Mgt603 Idea solution

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
“Key External Factors”
“As you have studied about external and internal factors in an industry analysis. Your job is to identify only the key external factors (Threats and Opportunities) of Virtual University of Pakistan. You should point out at least 10 Opportunities and threats of Virtual University. Furthermore your points should be in a bullet form and avoid any further explanation. “

Answer : Following are the Key External Opportunities for VU to growth and progress in the business environment.
Governmental based Entity
Government approved.
Accredit and internationally recognized
On board Experienced Teachers.
Organized network and staffing.
Stable educational Program, inclusive of online books, lectures & handouts.
Fast Growing & Emerging Customer needs (enormous youth population)
E-based Expanding global markets
Flexible schedule (e.g. 24 /7 availability of system)
Comparatively Low Fee and other charges.



The possible threats for the VU with respect to the external environment that poses a danger to its well-being.
Threat of New competitor
Foreign influence (many on-line international universities)
Funding will constrain educational reform.
Current law and policy has not kept up with reform objectives
Lack of funding will constrain appropriate staffing
Many Unfunded mandates
Lack of flexibility (example- charter schools have more flexibility)
Deficiency of staffing.
Requirement of updated Books and handout.
Lacking in new educational programs in line with customer need.

Mgt502 solution

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Cultural differences
Culturally speaking west believes more on working and achieving goals
individually.
They feel proud and happy for their achievements independently.
Mr. Ahmad is working as a “Manager” in a Multinational Software development
Company “Softronix” in USA. He uses to distribute all the tasks amongst the
employees
individually. Everyone was happy to work for the goals attainment of the
organization
and personal fulfillments. The organization was one of the leading profit
generators in
USA. All the employees were happy working with the organization under Mr.
Ahmad’s
supervision.
With this mind set and experience of USA, he was transferred to Japan, where
emphasis
is given to working collectively. Collectivism is the main feature of
eastern culture. Mr.
Ahmad adopted the same strategy in Japan and distributed the tasks
individually. It was
the point where problems begin to create for the company. Gradually the
productivity of
the employees decreased, resulting in low profits and difficulties in
achieving the goals
effectively and efficiently. The employees were dissatisfied with the job
and gradually
turnover increased.
The top management of “Softronix” decided to find out the causes of bad
performance
despite of being a successful manager in USA.

Q.1: As CEO of the “Softronix” what reasons do you see for the poor
performance in
Japan? (10)

Q.2: Keeping in view the GLOBE framework for assessing the cultures, what
other
considerations should Mr. Ahmad look at in order to assess the two totally
different
cultures? (10)

*Answer Q.1:*

As CEO of “Softronix”, I’ve come to conclusion that Mr. Ahmad is no doubt a
good
manager but he missed few tricks to be successful in Japan. The following
are the main
reasons for his poor performance in Japan
• Non-compliance to local culture.
• Not understanding the difference in culture.
• Applying wrong strategies
• Lack of cultural knowledge
• Lack of adaptation to the cultures differently.
(2 Marks for each point with elaboration)

*Answer Q.2*

As matter of fact the manger must have been given proper training and
briefing before
leaving for Japan. Apart from Collectivism and Individualism he also has to
consider the
following points:
• Power distance
• Uncertainty avoidance
• Assertiveness
• Future orientation
• Gender differentiation
• Power distance
• Humane orientation
(2 marks for each point with application to the scenario)

Fin622 Solution

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
1) The payback period of each project



THE PAYBACK PERIOD (PP); For the Project A that has equal receipts



= Initial Investment / Cash Flow (I0/Ct)

= 57000/20000

= 2.85year



THE PAYBACK PERIOD (PP); *For the Project B



Payback period lie between 2nd year and 3rd year

Sum of the money recovered by the end of second year

= (22000+20000)

= 42000



Sum of money recovered by the end of 3rd year

= (54000 – 42000)

= 12000

= [2+ 12000/18000) years

= 2.667* years

2) The Net present value (NPV) of each project.

NPV for project A;

Formula:

(CFn * PVFA at 14% for 4 years) – Initial Investment

PVFA at 14% for 4 years:

= [1/ (1+i) ^ n + 1/ (1+i) ^ n + 1/ (1+i) ^ n + 1/ (1+i) ^ n]

= [1/ (1+0.14) ^1 + 1/ (1+0.14) ^2 + 1/ (1+0.14) ^3 + 1/ (1+0.14) ^4]

= [0.8772 + 0.7695 + 0.6749 + 0.5920]

= [2.9136]

By putting values in Formula:

= (20000 * 2.9136) – 57000

= 1272

NPV for project B;

Formula:

Sum of the NPV (CFn) – Initial investment

Sum of the NPV (CFn)

= [CF1/ (1+i) ^ n + CF2/ (1+i) ^ n + CF3/ (1+i) ^ n + CF4/ (1+i) ^ n]

= [22000/ (1+0.14) ^1 + 20000/ (1+0.14) ^2 + 18000/ (1+0.14) ^3 + 16000/
(1+0.14) ^4]

= 19298.246 + 15389.352 + 12149.487 + 9473.284

= 56310.368

By putting values

= 56310.368 – 54000

= 2310.368

3) Decision

NPV

Project A

1272.00

Project B

2310.368

According to the NPV of both projects, I will recommend project B due to
greater NPV of project B from A.

PP

Project A

2.85 year

Project B

2.667 year

According to the PP of both projects, I will also recommend Project B,
because in Project B the payback period (PP) is little than Project A.

cs610 solution

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Considering a view of courier business which is one of the most competitive business fields in these days, and having comprehensive and safe shipping services at affordable prices to customeres and corrier service market competition.

There are three types of courier insurance: vehicle insurance, goods-in-transit insurance and public liability insurance. Which are direct and indirect costs? Let us go through this one step at a time. Vehicle insurance is definitely an indirect cost. It is a cost that must be paid by your courier company in order to protect your assets. You can add this to your overhead cost, which will eventually be part of cost factors considered
when determining the true cost of delivery. Goods-in-transit insurance fees are direct costs for sure. Some courier companies offer insurance as an optional service to their customers, allowing them to choose to insure or not to insure their delivered goods when they sign the delivery papers. This way, your customers are paying goods-in-transit insurance fees directly, and you will not have to spend a thing. Of course, public liability insurance is an indirect cost as well, since it is protecting your interests. You can choose to add it as part of your overhead costs of delivery, or simply put it as part of your company's overall operating cost.
So from above example it is clear that direct and indirect costs can be go to gather for one good or service at the same time.

ENG201 solution

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Based:- Mary Jane will be mentally retarded for life.
Better / Improved: Mary Jane will have an intellectual impairment for life

Based:- Mrs. Ali, that old biddy, sometimes requires too much of her employees.
Better / Improved: Mrs. Ali sometimes requires too much of her employees

Based:-. Please remind everyone to bring his notepad and pen or laptop to the meeting.
Better / Improved: Please remind everyone to bring his or her notepad and pen or laptop to the meeting

Based:- The committee chairman led the meeting.
Better / Improved: The committee chairperson led the meeting

Based:- She is a heart attack victim.
Better / Improved:

Eco401 Online Quiz Announcement

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Edit This
Quiz 01Dated: May 10, 10

On-Line Quiz (No.01) Announcement

Quiz will cover Video Lecture no. 01 to 10

Schedule

Opening Date and Time

May 11, 2010 At 12:01 AM (Mid-Night)

Closing Date and Time

May 13, 2010 At 11:59 PM (Mid-Night)

24 hours extra time is not available

Dear Students! Read the following instructions carefully before attempting the Quiz.

Instructions

l You can start attempting the quiz at any time but within given date(s) by clicking the quick link for Quiz on VU-LMS as it will become enabled within the mentioned dates. As soon as the time will be over, it will automatically be disabled and will not be available to attempt it.

l Quiz will be based on Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). Covering video Lecture 1 to 10.

l Each question has a fixed time limit of 90 seconds. So you have to save your answer before 90 seconds. But due to unpredictable/unstable Internet speed, it is strongly recommended that you save your answer within 60 seconds to avoid any inconvenience. While attempting a question, keep an eye on the remaining time.

l Attempting quiz is unidirectional. Once you have moved forward to the next question, you will not be able to go back to the previous one. Therefore before moving to the next question, make sure that you have selected the best option and saved your answer.

l DO NOT press back button of your browser or refresh the page while attempting a question. Otherwise you will lose the chance of attempting the current question and a new question will be loaded.

l DO NOT try to disable “Java Script” in your browser; otherwise you will not be able to attempt the quiz.

l If for any reason, you lose access to Internet (like power failure or disconnection of Internet), you will be able to attempt the quiz again but from the next question where you left in last attempt. But remember that you have to complete the quiz before expiry of the deadline.

l If you failed to attempt the quiz in given time then no re-take or off line quiz will be held as compensation/replacement.

cs302 online quiz

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 76
sec(s)
Question # 1 of 10 ( Start time: 09:22:18 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The complement of a variable is always
Select correct option:
0
1
equal to the variable
the inverse of the variable






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 24
sec(s)
Question # 2 of 10 ( Start time: 09:23:12 PM ) Total Marks: 1
“74ALS” stands for __________
Select correct option:
Advanced Low-frequency Schottky TTL
Advanced Low-dissipation Schottky TTL
Advanced Low-Power Schottky TTL
Advanced Low-propagation Schottky TTL






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 62
sec(s)
Question # 3 of 10 ( Start time: 09:24:25 PM ) Total Marks: 1
TTL based devices work with a dc supply of ____ Volts
Select correct option:
+10
+5
+3
3.3






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 56
sec(s)
Question # 4 of 10 ( Start time: 09:25:01 PM ) Total Marks: 1
To get the answer “1” in Boolean addition of three variables, ________
Select correct option:
All three variables must be 1
One of the variables must be 1
All three variables must be 0
Any two variables must be 1






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 43
sec(s)
Question # 5 of 10 ( Start time: 09:25:48 PM ) Total Marks: 1
3.3 v CMOS series is characterized by __________ and _________as compared to the 5 v CMOS series.
Select correct option:
Low switching speeds, high power dissipation
Fast switching speeds, high power dissipation
Fast switching speeds, very low power dissipation
Low switching speeds, very low power dissipation






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 23
sec(s)
Question # 6 of 10 ( Start time: 09:26:54 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The 4-variable Karnaugh Map (K-Map) has _______ cells for min or max terms
Select correct option:
4
8
12
16






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 75
sec(s)
Question # 7 of 10 ( Start time: 09:28:11 PM ) Total Marks: 1
A product term is 0 when_______________.
Select correct option:
Any one literal is a 0
Any of the literals is 1
At least two literals are 1
All the literals are 1






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 70
sec(s)
Question # 8 of 10 ( Start time: 09:28:33 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The boolean expression X = AB + CD represents
Select correct option:
two ORs ANDed together
a 4-input AND gate
two ANDs ORed together
an exclusive-Or






Quiz Start Time: 09:22 PM
Time Left 47
sec(s)
Question # 9 of 10 ( Start time: 09:29:00 PM ) Total Marks: 1
_________ is the example of Commutative Law for Multiplication
Select correct option:
AB=BA
A+B=B+A
AB+C = A+BC
A(B+C) = B(A+C)

Question # 10 of 10 ( Start time: 10:45:39 PM ) Total Marks: 1
the boolean expression A + B' + C is
Select correct option:

a sum term
a literal term
a product term
a complemented term


Saving.....
CS302



Quiz Start Time: 07:54 PM Time Left 18
sec(s)


Question # 9 of 10 ( Start time: 10:44:03 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The cell marked 6 in 4-variable K-Map represent minterm 6 or the maxterm 6 having the following binary value of variables A, B, C and D.
Select correct option:

A=1, B=1, C=0, D=0
A=0, B=1, C=1, D=0
A=0, B=0, C=1, D=1
A=1, B=0, C=0, D=1


Saving...
CS302



Quiz Start Time: 07:54 PM Time Left 25
sec(s)


Question # 8 of 10 ( Start time: 10:42:48 PM ) Total Marks: 1
An example of SOP expression is
Select correct option:

A + B(C + D)
A'B + AC' + AB'C
(A' + B + C)(A + B' + C)
both (a) nad (b)


Saving...
CS302



Quiz Start Time: 07:54 PM Time Left 42
sec(s)


Question # 7 of 10 ( Start time: 10:41:40 PM ) Total Marks: 1
the boolean expression AB'CD'is
Select correct option:

a sumterm
a product term
a literal term
always 1


Saving...
CS302



Quiz Start Time: 07:54 PM Time Left 43
sec(s)


Question # 6 of 10 ( Start time: 10:40:34 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The complement of a variable is always
Select correct option:

0
1
equal to the variable
the inverse of the variable


Saving...
CS302



Quiz Start Time: 07:54 PM Time Left 50
sec(s)


Question # 5 of 10 ( Start time: 10:39:44 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which one of the following is NOT a valid rule of Boolean algebra?
Select correct option:

A + 1 = 1
A = A'
AA = A
A + 0 = A


Saving...
CS302



Quiz Start Time: 07:54 PM Time Left 50
sec(s)


Question # 4 of 10 ( Start time: 10:38:55 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The 3-variable Karnaugh Map (K-Map) has _______ cells for min or max terms
Select correct option:

4
8
12
16

cs201 online quiz

Tuesday, May 11, 2010 Posted In Edit This
Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 71
sec(s)
Question # 1 of 10 ( Start time: 09:13:05 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The statement cout << yptr will show the __________the yptr points to.
Select correct option:
Value
memory address
Variable
None of the given







Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 55
sec(s)
Question # 2 of 10 ( Start time: 09:14:27 PM ) Total Marks: 1
The increment of a pointer depends on its___________.
Select correct option:
variable
value
data type
None of the given






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 78
sec(s)
Question # 3 of 10 ( Start time: 09:15:22 PM ) Total Marks: 1
dereferencing operator is represented by _______
Select correct option:
*
+

None of the given






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 51
sec(s)
Question # 4 of 10 ( Start time: 09:15:55 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Pointers store the ____________________
Select correct option:
value of a variable
memory address
characters
None of the given






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 57
sec(s)
Question # 5 of 10 ( Start time: 09:16:42 PM ) Total Marks: 1
In C-language the string “AZMAT” is equal to______________
Select correct option:
Azmat
azmat
AZMAT
None of the given






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 33
sec(s)
Question # 6 of 10 ( Start time: 09:17:28 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Pointers are a special type of __________in which a memory address is stored
Select correct option:
variables
Location
Characters
None of the given






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 81
sec(s)
Question # 7 of 10 ( Start time: 09:18:50 PM ) Total Marks: 1
suppose we have int y[10]; To access the 4th element of the array we write_________
Select correct option:
y[4];
y[3];
y[2];
none of given






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 42
sec(s)
Question # 8 of 10 ( Start time: 09:19:19 PM ) Total Marks: 1
In Analysis, we try to have a______________
Select correct option:
Determined the inputs
Break up of problem
Precise problem statement
None of the given






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 74
sec(s)
Question # 9 of 10 ( Start time: 09:20:14 PM ) Total Marks: 1
From the following; which on is the correct syntax of an array declaration: array size is 5 and it is of float data type?
Select correct option:
float [5] name;
name[5] float;
float name[5];
None of the given options






Quiz Start Time: 09:13 PM
Time Left 84
sec(s)
Question # 10 of 10 ( Start time: 09:20:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1
_________ Keyword is used to return some value from a function.
Select correct option:
break
return
continue
goto
............
suppose we have int y[10]; To access the 4th element of the array we write_______


y[4];
y[3];
y[2];
none of given

From the following; which one is the range of Random number generator function rand()?

0 – 32768
1 – 32768
0 – 32767
1 – 32767

From following; which one is the correct syntax of an array initialize: Array size is 10 and it is of double data type to value 0?

arr[10] = {0.0};
double arr[10]= 0.0;
double arr[10] = {0.0};
double arr[] = 0.0;

The string in the array is terminated by a _____

zero
nil
null
one




In C/C++; by default arguments are passed by _____ to a function.

Reference
Value
Type
Data

1
char name [] = “Hello World” ; In the above statement, a memory of _______ characters will be allocated


13
11
12
10
_______ Keyword is used to return some value from a function.


break
return
continue
goto

Which of the function call is call by value for the following function prototype? float add(int);

add(&x);
add(x);
add(int x);
add(*x);

The increment of a pointer depends on its_________.

variable
value
data type
None of the given


The ASCHI code of null character is_________


000
010
111
110

Pointers are a special type of __________in which a memory address is stored
Select correct option:
variables
Location
Characters
None of the given



Transpose of a matrix means that when we interchange rows and columns_____________
Select correct option:
the first row becomes the Last column
the first row becomes the first column
the Last row becomes the first column
the first column becomes the first row

Pointers store the ____________________
Select correct option:
value of a variable
memory address
characters
None of the given

Which of the following function call is “call by reference” for the following function prototype? int add (int *);
Select correct option:
add(&x);
add(int x);
add(x);
add(*x);

The name of the array is a constant pointer which contains the memory address of the ____________of the array.
Select correct option:
first element
Last element
second element
None of the given

array name always contains the memory address of the ___________of the array
Select correct option:
entire elements
last element
first element
None of the given


At the___________, we try to break up the problem into functional units
Select correct option:
analysis phase
design phase
Implementation phase
None of the given


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