Virtual University Solved Assignments Online Quiz Past Papers GDB VUsolutions VU solutions

Guess paper mkt501

Final term

Subjective

Q: Is organizing important for all levels of managers? Give your opinion.

Q: Suppose that an organization has some distinctive competencies, how long it will retain those competencies?

Q: Discuss the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix and explain its usefulness in segmenting businesses. Discuss the characteristics for each of the four categories based on the BCG matrix..

Q: Every product has tenure in a market, some products occupy the market and some are obsolete. Keeping product life cycle in mind, explain the stages of product life cycle and give the example of any product that are near to decline or obsolete.

Q: The process which determines what place will be occupied in the given market with the ongoing products is called positioning. Explain different ways to position a product, service and idea with the help of example.

Q: Define contribution margin analysis and how is it important in deciding

Whether to add or remove a product in portfolio?

Q: What are the important questions, regarding customer segment, a marketer

Should consider while selecting a distribution channel for the segment?

Q: As a marketing manager of a company you are assigned a task to close a deal

with other company which requires negotiation. You have taken necessary

steps that are required before negotiation now what necessary steps you

would take to complete negotiate with that company?

Q: What is the most generally used model for buyer decision making? Discuss its

different stages

Q: Explain the five

Levels stated by Maslow s hierarchy of needs by giving

Suitable examples.

Q: What are different styles of selling? Give examples.

Q: What is the importance of distribution channels and how channel members

Add value to a channel?

Q:BCG is a strategic planning tool. How BCG matrix is beneficial for companies?

Q: What are the critical issues of supply chain management?

Q: Identify the type of price discrimination in each case given below:

Q: Case 1: The Zoo often charges a lower admission fee for the student s trips.

Case 2: The cinema varies its seat prices according to the audience preferences

for different locations.

Case 3: Some stores offer discount for bulk purchases.

Case 4: A cellular company is offering low call rates after 10 minutes phone

calls.

Case 5: Higher gasoline prices on highways.

Q: Internal analysis is used to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of

company s internal environment. What factors a company need to evaluate

while doing internal analysis?

Q: What does it mean money is invested in advertising? Is advertising all about

investment? Why or why not.

Q: BCG is a strategic planning tool. How BCG matrix is beneficial for companies?

Q: What are the critical issues of supply chain management?

Q: What could be the disadvantages for customers and advantages for companies of “price war”?

Q: Discuss a few factors that help marketers in charging premium prices.

Q: How Vertical Marketing System is different from traditional distribution channels? Q: How the Coordination and control is achieved by firms involved in this system?

Q: How does the process of market segmentation lead an organization to spend its “Promotion” budget more efficiently and effectively?

Q: How ‘intensive distribution’ is different from ‘selective’ and ‘exclusive’ distribution setups? Which of these is most probably be used by the following and why?

a. Vacuum cleaners manufacturers

b. Motor cycle companies

c. Internet service providers

“A cost may be direct cost as well as indirect cost at the same time. Explain with arguments,whether you agree with the statement or not?” (Answer must be less than 100 words)

Answer : Agreed with the argument that, under certain circumstances some specific cost can be considered as Direct as well as Indirect also. Person has to first identify the reasons of resistance towards the identification of the cost.

For example a marble factory may produce dozens of verities of items. The factory manager's salary would be an indirect cost of a particular verity, such as marble lamps. The reason is that the factory manager's salary is not caused by any one variety of marble items.

To be traced to a cost object such as a particular product / service, the cost must be caused by that cost object. The salary of manger is a cost that is incurred to support a number of costing objects but cannot be traced to them individually. The cost may be direct or indirect, depending on the cost object. While, in the above example, the marble factory manager's salary is an indirect cost for manufacturing marble items, but at the same time it is a direct cost for the manufacturing division. In the first case, the cost object is the marble product while in the second case the cost object is the entire manufacturing division.

To conclude the result we must need to understand that the cost object and its nature which in actuality is the basis of identification of the nature of the cost either Direct or Indirect.

Being the finance manager of XYZ Company, you are to select one project of two available options i.e. Project A and Project B. The relevant cash flows for both the projects are summarized in given table.
Project A
Project B
Initial investment
Rs. 57,000
Rs. 54,000
Year(n)
Cash inflows (CFn)
Cash inflows (CFn)
1
Rs. 20,000
Rs. 22,000
2
20,000
20,000
3
20,000
18,000
4
20,000
16,000
Assume the discount rate to be 14 percent.
Required:
• Calculate the payback period of each project.
• Calculate the Net present value (NPV) of each project.
• On the basis of results of pay back period and NPV, which project would you recommend to your company and why?
Important Note: Give formulae and show calculations properly as they also carry marks

Solution:-

1) The payback period of each project

THE PAYBACK PERIOD (PP); For the Project A that has equal receipts

= Initial Investment / Cash Flow (I0/Ct)
= 57000/20000
= 2.85year

THE PAYBACK PERIOD (PP); For the Project B

Payback period lie between 2nd year and 3rd year

Sum of the money recovered by the end of second year
= (22000+20000)
= 42000

Sum of money recovered by the end of 3rd year
= (54000 – 42000)
= 12000
= [2+ 12000/18000) years
= 2.667 years

2) The Net present value (NPV) of each project.

NPV for project A;
Formula:
(CFn * PVFA at 14% for 4 years) – Initial Investment

PVFA at 14% for 4 years:

= [1/ (1+i) ^ n + 1/ (1+i) ^ n + 1/ (1+i) ^ n + 1/ (1+i) ^ n]
= [1/ (1+0.14) ^1 + 1/ (1+0.14) ^2 + 1/ (1+0.14) ^3 + 1/ (1+0.14) ^4]
= [0.8772 + 0.7695 + 0.6749 + 0.5920]
= [2.9136]

By putting values in Formula:
= (20000 * 2.9136) – 57000
= 1272

NPV for project B;
Formula:
Sum of the NPV (CFn) – Initial investment

Sum of the NPV (CFn)
= [CF1/ (1+i) ^ n + CF2/ (1+i) ^ n + CF3/ (1+i) ^ n + CF4/ (1+i) ^ n]
= [22000/ (1+0.14) ^1 + 20000/ (1+0.14) ^2 + 18000/ (1+0.14) ^3 + 16000/ (1+0.14) ^4]
= 19298.246 + 15389.352 + 12149.487 + 9473.284
= 56310.368

By putting values
= 56310.368 – 54000
= 2310.368


3) Decision

Project A 1272.00 NPV

Project B 2310.368 NPV

According to the NPV of both projects, I will recommend project B due to greater NPV of project B from A.

Project A 2.85 year PP

Project B 2.667 year PP

According to the PP of both projects, I will also recommend Project B, because in Project B the payback period (PP) is little than Project A.

“As you have studied about external and internal factors in an industry analysis. Your job is to identify only the key external factors (Threats and Opportunities) of Virtual University of Pakistan. You should point out at least 10 Opportunities and threats of Virtual University. Furthermore your points should be in a bullet form and avoid any further explanation. “

Solution:-

Following are the Key External Opportunities for VU to growth and progress in the business environment.
Governmental based Entity
Government approved.
Accredit and internationally recognized
On board Experienced Teachers.
Organized network and staffing.
Stable educational Program, inclusive of online books, lectures & handouts.
Fast Growing & Emerging Customer needs (enormous youth population)
E-based Expanding global markets
Flexible schedule (e.g. 24 /7 availability of system)
Comparatively Low Fee and other charges.


The possible threats for the VU with respect to the external environment that poses a danger to its well-being.
Threat of New competitor
Foreign influence (many on-line international universities)
Funding will constrain educational reform.
Current law and policy has not kept up with reform objectives
Lack of funding will constrain appropriate staffing
Many Unfunded mandates
Lack of flexibility (example- charter schools have more flexibility)
Deficiency of staffing.
Requirement of updated Books and handout.
Lacking in new educational programs in line with customer need.