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Principles of Marketing (MGT301)

Monday, July 05, 2010 Posted In Edit This


“Principles of Marketing (MGT301)”
v
This is to inform that nextAssignment # 02 (covering video lecture no. 1 to lecture no. 31)
will beuploaded on VULMS according to the following schedule

Schedule
Opening Date and Time
5thJuly , 2010 At 12:01 A.M. (Mid-Night)
Closing Date and Time
8thJuly , 2010 At 
11:59 P.M. (Mid-Night)
--


BRAND NAME

Comment:
A brand is the personality of a product, service or
company and how it relates to key constituencies:
Customers, Staff, Partners, Investors etc. Some
people distinguish the psychological aspect of a
brand from the experiential aspect. Branding is
more than just a business buzzword. It has
become the crux of selling in the new economy.
If the old marketing mantra was," Nothing
happens until somebody sells something," the
new philosophy could be" Nothing happens until
somebody brands something

Reason:You might infer, then, that if you build
a powerful brand, you will in turn be
able to create a powerful marketing
program. However, if you can't
convince customers that your product
is worthy of purchasing, no amount of
advertising dollars, fancy packaging or
public relations will help you achieve
your sales goals. Therefore,
successful branding programs begin
with superior products and services,
backed by excellent customer service
that permeates an entire organization.
Careful brand management seeks to make
the product or services relevant to the
target audience. Brands should be seen as
more than the difference between the
actual cost of a product and its selling
price - they represent the sum of all
valuable qualities of a product to the
consumer. There are many intangibles
involved in business, intangibles left
wholly from the income statement and
balance sheet which determine how a
business is perceived. The learned skill of
a knowledge worker, the type of mental
working, the type of stitch: all may be
without an 'accounting cost' but for those
who truly know the product, for it is these
people the company should wish to find
and keep, the difference is incomparable.



.............
TARGET MARKET

Comment:
The company's beverages are generally for all
consumers so, the target market can be people of all
ages because of their wide range of products.

Reason:

The company's beverages are generally for
all consumers. However, there are some
brands, which target specific consumers.
For example, Coca-Cola's diet soft drinks
are targeted at consumers who are older in
age, between the years of 25 and 39.
PowerAde sports water target those who
are fit, healthy and do sport. Winnie the
Pooh sipper cap Juice Drink target
children between the ages 5-12.
This type of market approach refers to
market segmentation.
The Coca-Cola Company when
advertising, has a primary target market of
those who are 13-24, and a secondary
market of 10-39.

..............
POSITIONING STRATEGY

Comment:

Position the organization vis-à-vis other organizations
within the market
These are market-oriented and best articulate the
competitive advantage within the market
May be market-wide (or broad-based) or directed at
a particular segment (or niche-focused)

Reason:

In spite of growing competition in the soft
drinks market, many
companies, ranging from multinationals to
niche specialists, continue to
see volume growth well in excess of the
market average. Much of their
success can be attributed to progressive
attitudes to their competitive
environment and by exploiting new
production, packaging and
distribution technologies, they are able to
meet consumers' needs more
accurately and immediately than ever
before.
With leading players such as The Coca-
Cola Company driving the battle
for share of throat, soft drinks
manufacturers of all sizes need to equip
themselves with a wide variety of
innovative strategic tools if they are to
remain competitive.
Business Insights’ report, the Growth
Strategies in Soft Drinks
highlights emerging opportunities in the
industry, and examines the ways
that companies can best exploit them.
From the emerging markets of
Asia-Pacific, Eastern Europe and South
America, to fast-growth niches
in the developed world, this latest study is
the definitive guide to
innovation, main players, market sizes and
growth prospects.

.................
PRICE STRATEGY

Comment:

With their profit and revenue goals on the line,
retailers are
striving to build stronger bonds with their customers.
A strategy
gaining notice with leading retailers is consumercentric
pricing
and promotions. Early adopters are pricing and
promoting items
according to local demand, consumer demographics
and other
factors to maximize value. These retailers are
connecting any price
changes back into their demand plans to ensure that
inventory is
readily available for customers to purchase

Reason:

Pricing and promotional processes have a
direct and immediate
impact on bottom-line performance, yet
too many retailers still
use dated zone or corporate price
strategies along with disparate
systems or spreadsheets to execute.
Indications show that there
is a growing demand among retailers for
price optimization
solutions that link promotional planning,
price determination and
advertising execution with localized
consumer preferences and
competitive activity for the best practices
in lifecycle pricing.
To plan and execute lifecycle pricing
efficiently requires advanced
technology solutions that integrate and
optimize three key areas:
setting initial prices, promotional prices
and markdowns. By doing
so, a retailer can gain visibility into the
impact of a pricing decision
on the supply chain and drive more
profitable decisions related to
store clustering, pricing rules, promotional
opportunities and cycle
times. The following are examples of
results that early adopters of
price optimization solutions have
reported1:
• Helped to increase revenues by 1 to 5
percent
• Improved gross margin by 5 to 15
percent
• Improved forecast accuracy by 15 to 30
percent
• Supported inventory reduction by as
much as 12 to 33 percent
• Decreased transportation costs by as
much as 15 to 30 percent
• Realized productivity improvements of
30 to 40 percent
Outlined below are three price
optimization strategies that retailers
must first adopt in order to form the
foundation for
high-performing lifecycle pricing

......................

DISTRIBUTION STARTEGY

Comment:

A firm’s distribution objectives will ultimately be
highly related—some will enhance each other while
others will compete. For example, as we have
discussed, more exclusive and higher service
distribution will generally entail less intensity and
lesser reach. Cost has to be traded off against speed
of delivery and intensity (it is much more expensive
to have a product available in convenience stores
than in supermarket

Reason:

In view of the need for markets to be
balanced, the same distribution strategy is
unlikely to be successful for each firm.
The question, then, is exactly which
strategy should one use? It may not be
obvious whether higher margins in a
selective distribution setting will
compensate for smaller unit sales. Here,
various research tools are useful. In focus
groups, it is possible to assess what
consumers are looking for an which
attributes are more important. Scanner
data, indicating how frequently various
products are purchased and items whose
sales correlate with each other may
suggest the best placement strategies. It
may also, to the extent ethically possible,
be useful to observe consumers in the field
using products and making purchase
decisions. Here, one can observe factors
such as (1) how much time is devoted to
selecting a product in a given category, (2)
how many products are compared, (3)
what different kinds of products are
compared or are substitutes (e.g., frozen
yogurt vs. cookies in a mall), (4) what are
“complementing” products that may cue
the purchase of others if placed nearby.
Channel members—both wholesalers and
retailers—may have valuable information,
but their comments should be viewed with
suspicion as they have their own agendas
and may distort information.

................

MGT603 GDB Solution

Monday, July 05, 2010 Posted In Edit This

The below table illustrates that an organization is composed of four divisions with annual sales ranging from $15,000 to $70,000. Division 2 has the greatest sales volume while on the other hand division 4 has the lowest sales volume.


You have been also given market share and growth rate of each division. By developing the BCG Matrix on your rough paper, you have to only identify which division falls in which quadrant (stars, question marks, cash cows and dogs)?

Division
Revenues
Profits
Market share
Growth Rate

1
$50,000
$5,000
0.4
+10

2
$70,000
$11,000
0.8
+15

3
$30,000
$8,500
0.6
-20

4
$15,000
$1,000
0.05
-10

Total
$165,000
$25,500

Solution:-

1.question mark
2. star
3. cash cow
4. dog

Fin621 Quiz 5 July 2010

Monday, July 05, 2010 Posted In Edit This


Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 03:06:44 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Which of the following is NOT the part of the stockholder’s equity? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Paid-in-Capital
2.      Additional Paid-in-Capital
3.      Gross profit      
4.      Retained Earnings

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 03:07:31 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Which of the following would NOT represent the cash outflows for the business? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Purchase of building for cash
2.      The sale of land for cash 
3.      Retirement of long term debt
4.      The payment of cash for dividends

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 03:08:13 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Which of the following statement is NOT true? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Financial statements may be prepared soon after the adjusted trail balance
2.      The owner’s equity is not up to the date until the closing entries are posted
3.      Adjusting entries are prepared before the financial statements are prepared
4.      In the accounting cycle, closing entries are made before the adjusting entries  page#36

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 03:09:40 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Current assets are those assets which management intends to convert into cash or consume within: 
Select correct option:  
1.      The operating cycle
2.      One year
3.      The longer of operating cycle or one year
4.      The shorter of operating cycle or one year

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 03:09:59 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Adjusting entries are required for which of the following accounts? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Income Summary accounts
2.      Revenue and expense accounts
3.      All types of accounts
4.      Assets and liabilities accounts

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 03:10:22 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Which of the following is the proper journal entry to record Ransom Company's billing of clients for Rs. 500 of services rendered? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Debit Cash 500; Credit Accounts Receivable 500
2.      Debit Accounts Receivable 500; Service Revenue 500
3.      Debit Accounts Receivable 500; Credit Capital Stock 500
4.      Cash 500; Credit Service Revenue 500

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 03:10:54 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
How many types of audit certificate are there? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Two
2.      Three
3.      Four 
4.      Five

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 03:12:16 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Inventory accounts should be classified in which section of a balance sheet? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Current assets
2.      Investments
3.      Property, plant, and equipment
4.      Intangible assets

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 03:12:49 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Which of the following is not true about the “Account”? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Accounts are only prepared by the business entities
2.      Account always reflects the amount of the single transaction only
3.      Account is effected both by economic and non economic events
4.      All of the given options

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 03:13:30 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
In simple words book value would be the amount of money that a holder of a common share would get if a company were to: 
Select correct option:  
1.      Consolidate
2.      Merged with another company
3.      Acquired by another company
4.      Liquidate

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 03:14:32 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Which of the following is NOT the part of annual report? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Financial statements
2.      Auditor’s report
3.      Five year summary
4.      Future investments report 

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 03:15:18 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Equipment costing Rs. 3,000 with accumulated depreciation of Rs. 2,125 is exchanged for another asset with a fair value of Rs. 625. The exchange has commercial substance. How much is the gain or loss on this transaction? 
Select correct option:  
1.      A gain of Rs. 250 should be recognized
2.      A loss of Rs. 250 should be recognized
3.      A loss of Rs. 500 should be recognized
4.      No gain or loss should be recognized.

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 03:15:50 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Which of the following is NOT a financial asset? 
Select correct option: 

1.      Marketable securities
2.      Receivables 
3.      Inventory 
4.      Short-term investments

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 03:16:39 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
The basic purpose of financial statements is to assist users in evaluating the________ 
Select correct option:  
1.      Financial position
2.      Profitability of an organization
3.      Future prospects 
4.      All of the given options 

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 03:17:03 PM )  Total Marks: 1 
Retained earnings will change over time because of several factors. Which of the following factors would explain an increase in retained earnings? 
Select correct option:  
1.      Net loss
2.      Net income
3.      Dividends
4.      Investments by stockholders

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